grid-area
Baseline: Widely supported
Baseline is determined by this web feature being supported on the current and the previous major versions of major browsers.
The grid-area
CSS shorthand property specifies a grid item's size and location within a grid by contributing a line, a span, or nothing (automatic) to its grid placement, thereby specifying the edges of its grid area.
Try it
If four <grid-line>
values are specified, grid-row-start
is set to the first value, grid-column-start
is set to the second value, grid-row-end
is set to the third value, and grid-column-end
is set to the fourth value.
When grid-column-end
is omitted, if grid-column-start
is a <custom-ident>
, grid-column-end
is set to that <custom-ident>
; otherwise, it is set to auto
.
When grid-row-end
is omitted, if grid-row-start
is a <custom-ident>
, grid-row-end
is set to that <custom-ident>
; otherwise, it is set to auto
.
When grid-column-start
is omitted, if grid-row-start
is a <custom-ident>
, all four longhands are set to that value. Otherwise, it is set to auto
.
The grid-area property can also be set to a <custom-ident>
which acts as a name for the area, which can then be placed using grid-template-areas
.
Constituent properties
This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:
Syntax
css
/* Keyword values */
grid-area: auto;
grid-area: auto / auto;
grid-area: auto / auto / auto;
grid-area: auto / auto / auto / auto;
/* <custom-ident> values */
grid-area: some-grid-area;
grid-area: some-grid-area / another-grid-area;
/* <integer> && <custom-ident>? values */
grid-area: 4 some-grid-area;
grid-area: 4 some-grid-area / 2 another-grid-area;
/* span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ] values */
grid-area: span 3;
grid-area: span 3 / span some-grid-area;
grid-area: 2 span / another-grid-area span;
/* Global values */
grid-area: inherit;
grid-area: initial;
grid-area: revert;
grid-area: revert-layer;
grid-area: unset;
Values
auto
-
Is a keyword indicating that the property contributes nothing to the grid item's placement, indicating auto-placement or a default span of
1
. <custom-ident>
-
If there is a named line with the name '
<custom-ident>-start
'/'<custom-ident>-end
', it contributes the first such line to the grid item's placement.Note: Named grid areas automatically generate implicit named lines of this form, so specifying
grid-area: foo;
will choose the start/end edge of that named grid area (unless another line namedfoo-start
/foo-end
was explicitly specified before it).Otherwise, this is treated as if the integer
1
had been specified along with the<custom-ident>
. <integer> && <custom-ident>?
-
Contributes the n-th grid line to the grid item's placement. If a negative integer is given, it instead counts in reverse, starting from the end edge of the explicit grid.
If a name is given as a
<custom-ident>
, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines are assumed to have that name for the purpose of finding this position.An
<integer>
value of0
is invalid. span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ]
-
Contributes a grid span to the grid item's placement such that the corresponding edge of the grid item's grid area is n lines from the opposite edge.
If a name is given as a
<custom-ident>
, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines on the side of the explicit grid corresponding to the search direction are assumed to have that name for the purpose of counting this span.If the
<integer>
is omitted, it defaults to1
. Negative integers or 0 are invalid.
Formal definition
Initial value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
---|---|
Applies to | grid items and absolutely-positioned boxes whose containing block is a grid container |
Inherited | no |
Computed value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
Animation type | discrete |
Formal syntax
grid-area =
<grid-line> [ / <grid-line> ]{0,3}
<grid-line> =
auto |
<custom-ident> |
[ [ <integer [-∞,-1]> | <integer [1,∞]> ] && <custom-ident>? ] |
[ span && [ <integer [1,∞]> || <custom-ident> ] ]
Examples
Setting grid areas
HTML
html
<div id="grid">
<div id="item1"></div>
<div id="item2"></div>
<div id="item3"></div>
</div>
CSS
css
#grid {
display: grid;
height: 100px;
grid-template: repeat(4, 1fr) / 50px 100px;
}
#item1 {
background-color: lime;
grid-area: 2 / 2 / auto / span 3;
}
#item2 {
background-color: yellow;
}
#item3 {
background-color: blue;
}
Result
Specifications
Specification |
---|
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2 # propdef-grid-area |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser
See also
- Related CSS properties:
grid-row
,grid-row-start
,grid-row-end
,grid-column
,grid-column-start
,grid-column-end
,grid-template-areas
- Grid Layout Guide: Grid template areas
- Video tutorial: Grid Template Areas