place-self
The place-self
CSS shorthand property allows you to align an individual item in both the block and inline directions at once (i.e. the align-self
and justify-self
properties) in a relevant layout system such as Grid or Flexbox. If the second value is not present, the first value is also used for it.
Try it
Constituent properties
This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:
Syntax
css
/* Keyword values */
place-self: auto center;
place-self: normal start;
/* Positional alignment */
place-self: center normal;
place-self: start auto;
place-self: end normal;
place-self: self-start auto;
place-self: self-end normal;
place-self: flex-start auto;
place-self: flex-end normal;
/* Baseline alignment */
place-self: baseline normal;
place-self: first baseline auto;
place-self: last baseline normal;
place-self: stretch auto;
/* Global values */
place-self: inherit;
place-self: initial;
place-self: revert;
place-self: revert-layer;
place-self: unset;
Values
auto
-
Computes to the parent's
align-items
value. normal
-
The effect of this keyword is dependent of the layout mode we are in:
- In absolutely-positioned layouts, the keyword behaves like
start
on replaced absolutely-positioned boxes, and asstretch
on all other absolutely-positioned boxes. - In static position of absolutely-positioned layouts, the keyword behaves as
stretch
. - For flex items, the keyword behaves as
stretch
. - For grid items, this keyword leads to a behavior similar to the one of
stretch
, except for boxes with an aspect ratio or an intrinsic sizes where it behaves likestart
. - The property doesn't apply to block-level boxes, and to table cells.
- In absolutely-positioned layouts, the keyword behaves like
self-start
-
Aligns the items to be flush with the edge of the alignment container corresponding to the item's start side in the cross axis.
self-end
-
Aligns the items to be flush with the edge of the alignment container corresponding to the item's end side in the cross axis.
flex-start
-
The cross-start margin edge of the flex item is flushed with the cross-start edge of the line.
flex-end
-
The cross-end margin edge of the flex item is flushed with the cross-end edge of the line.
center
-
The flex item's margin box is centered within the line on the cross-axis. If the cross-size of the item is larger than the flex container, it will overflow equally in both directions.
baseline
,first baseline
.last baseline
-
Specifies participation in first- or last-baseline alignment: aligns the alignment baseline of the box's first or last baseline set with the corresponding baseline in the shared first or last baseline set of all the boxes in its baseline-sharing group. The fallback alignment for
first baseline
isstart
, the one forlast baseline
isend
. stretch
-
If the combined size of the items along the cross axis is less than the size of the alignment container and the item is
auto
-sized, its size is increased equally (not proportionally), while still respecting the constraints imposed bymax-height
/max-width
(or equivalent functionality), so that the combined size of allauto
-sized items exactly fills the alignment container along the cross axis.
Formal definition
Initial value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
---|---|
Applies to | block-level boxes, absolutely-positioned boxes, and grid items |
Inherited | no |
Computed value | as each of the properties of the shorthand:
|
Animation type | discrete |
Formal syntax
place-self =
<'align-self'> <'justify-self'>?
Examples
Simple demonstration
In the following example we have a simple 2 x 2 grid layout. Initially the grid container has justify-items
and align-items
values of stretch
— the defaults — which causes the grid items to stretch across the entire width of their cells.
The second, third, and fourth grid items are then given different values of place-self
, to show how these override the default placements. These values cause the grid items to span only as wide/tall as their content width/height, and align in different positions across their cells, in the block and inline directions.
HTML
html
<article class="container">
<span>First</span>
<span>Second</span>
<span>Third</span>
<span>Fourth</span>
</article>
CSS
css
html {
font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif;
letter-spacing: 1px;
}
article {
background-color: red;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
grid-auto-rows: 80px;
grid-gap: 10px;
margin: 20px;
width: 300px;
}
span:nth-child(2) {
place-self: start center;
}
span:nth-child(3) {
place-self: center start;
}
span:nth-child(4) {
place-self: end;
}
article span {
background-color: black;
color: white;
margin: 1px;
text-align: center;
}
article,
span {
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 7px;
}
Result
Specifications
Specification |
---|
CSS Box Alignment Module Level 3 # place-self-property |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser
See also
- CSS Flexbox Guide: Basic Concepts of Flexbox
- CSS Flexbox Guide: Aligning items in a flex container
- CSS Grid Guide: Box alignment in CSS Grid layouts
- CSS Box Alignment
- The
align-self
property - The
justify-self
property