pow()
The pow()
CSS function is an exponential function that returns the value of a base raised to the power of a number.
The exp()
function is a special case of pow()
where the value of the base is the mathematical constant e.
Syntax
css
/* A <number> value */
width: calc(10px * pow(5, 2)); /* 10px * 25 = 250px */
width: calc(10px * pow(5, 3)); /* 10px * 125 = 1250px */
width: calc(10px * pow(2, 10)); /* 10px * 1024 = 10240px */
Parameters
Return value
Returns a <number>
representing basenumber, that is, base
raised to the power of number
.
Formal syntax
<pow()> =
pow( <calc-sum> , <calc-sum> )
<calc-sum> =
<calc-product> [ [ '+' | '-' ] <calc-product> ]*
<calc-product> =
<calc-value> [ [ '*' | '/' ] <calc-value> ]*
<calc-value> =
<number> |
<dimension> |
<percentage> |
<calc-constant> |
( <calc-sum> )
<calc-constant> =
e |
pi |
infinity |
-infinity |
NaN
Examples
Scale headings by fixed ratio
The pow()
function can be useful for strategies like CSS Modular Scale, which relates all the font-sizes on a page to each other by a fixed ratio.
HTML
html
<h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6</h6>
CSS
css
h1 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 4));
}
h2 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 3));
}
h3 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 2));
}
h4 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 1));
}
h5 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 0));
}
h6 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, -1));
}
Result
Specifications
Specification |
---|
CSS Values and Units Module Level 4 # exponent-funcs |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser