translate

The translate CSS property allows you to specify translation transforms individually and independently of the transform property. This maps better to typical user interface usage, and saves having to remember the exact order of transform functions to specify in the transform value.

Try it

Syntax

css

/* Keyword values */
translate: none;

/* Single values */
translate: 100px;
translate: 50%;

/* Two values */
translate: 100px 200px;
translate: 50% 105px;

/* Three values */
translate: 50% 105px 5rem;

/* Global values */
translate: inherit;
translate: initial;
translate: revert;
translate: revert-layer;
translate: unset;

Values

Single <length-percentage> value

A <length> or <percentage> that specifies a translation along the X-axis. Equivalent to a translate() (2D translation) function with a single value specified.

Two <length-percentage> values

Two <length> or <percentage> that specify the X and Y axis translation values (respectively) of a 2D translation. Equivalent to a translate() (2D translation) function with two values specified.

Three values

Two <length-percentage> and single <length> values that specify the X, Y, and Z axis translation values (respectively) of a 3D translation. Equivalent to a translate3d() (3D translation) function.

none

Specifies that no translation should be applied.

Formal definition

Initial valuenone
Applies totransformable elements
Inheritedno
Percentagesrefer to the size of bounding box
Computed valueas specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths
Animation typea transform
Creates stacking contextyes

Formal syntax

translate = 
none |
<length-percentage> [ <length-percentage> <length>? ]?

<length-percentage> =
<length> |
<percentage>

Examples

Translating an element on hover

This example shows how to use the translate property to move an element in three axes. The first box is moved along the X axis and the second box is moved along the X and Y axes. The third box is moved along the X, Y and Z axes and has the appearance of moving toward the viewer because of the addition of perspective to the parent element.

HTML

html

<div class="wrapper">
  <div id="box1">translate X</div>
  <div id="box2">translate X,Y</div>
  <div id="box3">translate X,Y,Z</div>
</div>

CSS

css

.wrapper {
  perspective: 100px;
  display: inline-flex;
  gap: 1em;
}
.wrapper > div {
  width: 7em;
  line-height: 7em;
  text-align: center;
  transition: 0.5s ease-in-out;
  border: 3px dotted;
}
#box1:hover {
  translate: 20px;
}

#box2:hover {
  translate: 20px 20px;
}

#box3:hover {
  translate: 5px 5px 30px;
}

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Transforms Module Level 2
# individual-transforms

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

Note: skew is not an independent transform value