animation-fill-mode
The animation-fill-mode
CSS property sets how a CSS animation applies styles to its target before and after its execution.
Try it
It is often convenient to use the shorthand property animation
to set all animation properties at once.
Syntax
css
/* Single animation */
animation-fill-mode: none;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
animation-fill-mode: backwards;
animation-fill-mode: both;
/* Multiple animations */
animation-fill-mode: none, backwards;
animation-fill-mode: both, forwards, none;
/* Global values */
animation-fill-mode: inherit;
animation-fill-mode: initial;
animation-fill-mode: revert;
animation-fill-mode: revert-layer;
animation-fill-mode: unset;
Values
none
-
The animation will not apply any styles to the target when it's not executing. The element will instead be displayed using any other CSS rules applied to it. This is the default value.
forwards
-
The target will retain the computed values set by the last keyframe encountered during execution. The last keyframe depends on the value of
animation-direction
andanimation-iteration-count
:animation-direction
animation-iteration-count
last keyframe encountered normal
even or odd 100%
orto
reverse
even or odd 0%
orfrom
alternate
even 0%
orfrom
alternate
odd 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
even 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
odd 0%
orfrom
backwards
-
The animation will apply the values defined in the first relevant keyframe as soon as it is applied to the target, and retain this during the
animation-delay
period. The first relevant keyframe depends on the value ofanimation-direction
:animation-direction
first relevant keyframe normal
oralternate
0%
orfrom
reverse
oralternate-reverse
100%
orto
both
-
The animation will follow the rules for both forwards and backwards, thus extending the animation properties in both directions.
Note: When you specify multiple comma-separated values on an animation-*
property, they are applied to the animations in the order in which the animation-name
s appear. For situations where the number of animations and animation-*
property values do not match, see Setting multiple animation property values.
Note: animation-fill-mode
has the same effect when creating CSS scroll-driven animations as it does for regular time-based animations.
Formal definition
Initial value | none |
---|---|
Applies to | all elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elements |
Inherited | no |
Computed value | as specified |
Animation type | Not animatable |
Formal syntax
Examples
Setting fill mode
You can see the effect of animation-fill-mode
in the following example. It demonstrates how you can make the animation remain in its final state rather than reverting to the original state (which is the default).
HTML
html
<p>Move your mouse over the gray box!</p>
<div class="demo">
<div class="growsandstays">This grows and stays big.</div>
<div class="grows">This just grows.</div>
</div>
CSS
css
.demo {
border-top: 100px solid #ccc;
height: 300px;
}
@keyframes grow {
0% {
font-size: 0;
}
100% {
font-size: 40px;
}
}
.demo:hover .grows {
animation-name: grow;
animation-duration: 3s;
}
.demo:hover .growsandstays {
animation-name: grow;
animation-duration: 3s;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
}
Result
See CSS animations for more examples.
Specifications
Specification |
---|
CSS Animations Level 1 # animation-fill-mode |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser
See also
- Using CSS animations
- JavaScript
AnimationEvent
API - Other related animation properties:
animation
,animation-composition
,animation-delay
,animation-direction
,animation-duration
,animation-iteration-count
,animation-name
,animation-play-state
,animation-timeline
,animation-timing-function