grid-template

grid-template，CSS 属性简写，用以定义网格中行、列与分区。

尝试一下

所简写属性：grid-template-rows、grid-template-columns与grid-template-areas。

语法

css

/* 值为关键词 */
grid-template: none;

/* 为 grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns */
grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;
grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;
grid-template: [linename] 100px / [columnname1] 30% [columnname2] 70%;
grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);

/* 为 grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column */
grid-template: "a a a"
               "b b b";
grid-template: "a a a" 20%
               "b b b" auto;
grid-template: [header-top] "a a a"     [header-bottom]
                 [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom]
                            / auto 1fr auto;

/* 为全局值 */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: unset;

可设值

none

关键词，设上文“所简写属性”为none，即恢复默认设置。行列隐式生成，grid-auto-rows与grid-auto-columns定其尺寸。

<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>

指定grid-template-rows与grid-template-columns之值，并设grid-template-areas为none。

[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?

设grid-template-areas为列得<string>、grid-template-columns为<explicit-track-list>（默认为none）、grid-template-rows为<track-size>（默认为auto）并拼接尺寸前后所定义之行。

注：轨道被用以与“ASCII art”（即字符画，此处指<string>）中行列逐一视觉对齐，故<explicit-track-list>中不允许repeat()。

注：grid可如此用，但将重置隐式网格属性。Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in seperately.

形式语法

grid-template = 
  none                                                |
  [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ]  |
  [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?  

<line-names> = 
  '[' <custom-ident>* ']'  

<track-size> = 
  <track-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> )  |
  fit-content( <length-percentage> )                

<explicit-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?  

<track-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage>  |
  <flex>               |
  min-content          |
  max-content          |
  auto                 

<inflexible-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage>  |
  min-content          |
  max-content          |
  auto                 

<length-percentage> = 
  <length>      |
  <percentage>

示例

CSS

css

#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
                 [main-left]   "nav  main" 1fr  [main-right]
                 [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
                 / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-column: foot;
}

HTML

html

<section id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</section>

结果

规范

Specification
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2
# explicit-grid-shorthand
初始值as each of the properties of the shorthand:
适用元素grid containers
是否是继承属性否
Percentagesas each of the properties of the shorthand:
计算值as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation typeas each of the properties of the shorthand:
  • grid-template-columns: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list
  • grid-template-rows: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list
  • grid-template-areas: discrete

浏览器兼容性

BCD tables only load in the browser

参见